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A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
A
Abrasion Resistance
The ability of a coating or industrial floor to resist scratching and wear from movement (pushing / dragging) of materials across the products surface.
Abrasive Media
Materials used in abrasive blasting to profile a surface or remove contaminants; some examples include: sand, iron shot, crushed iron slag, glass beads or ground nutshells.
Accelerant
A substance used to increase the speed of a chemical reaction.
Acid
A product which has a pH less than 7.0.
Acid Etching
Use of a mild or dilute acid (usually muriatic) to remove laitance layer of concrete and prepare surface prior to application of sealers or coatings.
Activator
The curing agent or 'hardener' of a two component coating system. See also 'Hardener'
Aggregate
A blend of select granular materials used create trowel applied mortars and other industrial floor toppings. Aggregate may also refer to ceramic baked colored quartz used in decorative broadcast floors.
Air Entrainment
The capture of air bubbles in resinous coatings systems generally due to improper mixing technique.
Alcohol
A group of solvents with a high evaporation rate and a fairly low solvent strength.
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
A class of organic solvents which are composed of open chains of carbon atoms.
Alkali
A product which has a pH value between 7.1 and 14. Also referred to as a base or caustic material.
Alligatoring
Term used to express the softening / wrinkling of a initial coat by the application of an secondary coat due to presence of solvents in secondary coat.
Ambient Temperature
The operating temperature of an area.
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
A class of moderate to strong organic solvents such as benzene, which contain an unsaturated ring of carbon atoms.
ASTM
American Society for Testing and Materials.
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B
Barrier Coat
A coating used to isolate a topping substrate contaminants for the purpose of increasing adhesion or ensuring compatibility.
Blast Cleaning
The abrading of a surface with sand, artificial grit or fine metal shot propelled at high spreed.
Blistering
The formation of blisters in toppings or coatings often caused by vapor transmission through the concrete slab.
Bonding
The attachment between a topping and the substrate to which it is applied.
Bonding Agent
For our purposes this term generally refers to a chemical agent used to bond new concrete to old.
Batching
Mixing of pigments or silica from different dye lots to ensure consistent shade or hue.
Brittleness
Lacking adequate system flexibility.
Bubbling
A temporary or permanent coating defect in which bubbles are present in the applied film.
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C
Calcium Chloride Test
Recommended method for testing the moisture vapor transmission rate (MVTR) of a concrete slab. This test involves the placement of a known quantity of Calcium Chloride placed under a sealed plastic dome. The samples weight is measured after a period of 24 to 72 hours. The gram loss or gram grain of sample results in a quantitative measurement of MVTR in pounds per 1000 square feet over 24 hours. A minimum of three samples should be placed in any area to be tested with an average of one test per 1,000 square feet. The industry standard is that a slab have a MVRT of 3 pounds or less per 1000 square feet of concrete in a 24-hour period before it is acceptable to apply an impervious floor topping.
Catalyst
An activator or agent which chemically increases the rate of a reaction but itself remains unchanged as result of the reaction in question.
Caustic
A strong base or alkaline material.
Caustic Soda
A common name for sodium hydroxide, a strong base or alkali.
Cellosolve
Proprietary name for ethylene glycol monoethyl ether. A slow evaporating, water miscible, relatively strong solvent often used in epoxy coatings.
Cementitious Mortar
A mortar system containing Portland cement as one of its components.
Chipping
Small pieces of surface material removed from the surface, typically a sign of physical damage. Use of a surface tolerant primer for touch up followed by the same finish coat generally solves the problem.
Chips
Marble granules screened to various sizes used in thin-set terrazzo. The common sizes used in terrazzo are 0, #1, and #2. The term chips is also used to describe the colored quartz aggregate or other material used in broadcast decorative flooring. See also 'Paint Chips'
Chlorinated Hydrocarbon
A class of strong, fast evaporating solvents such as: carbon tetrachloride, methylene chloride or trichloroethylene.
Coating System
A liquid system generally comprised of multiple coats of compatible material applied with squeegee, rollers, brushes, or spray equipment. System composition, thickness, application, and finish will vary based upon the substrate to which coating system is applied and the results desired.
Color Retention
The ability of a product to retain its pigmentation.
Conductive
The ability of a product to conduct an electrical current. For our purposes, this term applies to a coating or topping that will have a very low electrical resistance of less than 1,000,000 ohms. Thus inhibiting charge generation by allowing for charged particles to pass through the flooring product to a ground source.
Corrosion
The decay or deterioration of a substance (steel, concrete, etc.) due to exposure to the environment.
Cracking
Splitting of a coating or topping, usually as a result of substrate movement, thermal stress, or aging.
Cross Linking
The setting up of chemical links to for a molecular chain or network of connected molecules. In general the greater the degree of chemical cross linking a compound exhibits the greater the overall chemical resistance of the cured compound.
Concrete Surface Profile (CSP)
Nine distinct surface profiles that represent degrees of roughness considered to be suitable for the application of sealers, coatings, or polymer toppings. The CSP designations are noted below:
CSP 1 - Acid Etching, CSP 2 - Grinding, CSP 3 - Light Shotblast, CSP 4 - Light Scarification, CSP 5 - Medium Shotblast, CSP 6 - Medium Scarification, CSP 7 - Heavy Abrasive Blast, CSP 8 - Scabbling, CSP 9 - Heavy Scarification or Milling
Curing Agent
The hardening agent or cross-linking agent in a chemical reaction; often incorrectly referred to as a catalyst.
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D
Delamination
The separation of a topping from the area below.
DFT
Dry film thickness or the thickness of a coating after completely cured.
Dry Time
Time allotted for an applied topping to reach a set stage of cure or hardness. This schedule can be greatly affected by temperature, relative humidity, and other atmospheric conditions.
Dry to Touch
The state of drying at which a coating film will not transfer onto or be deformed by an item touched lightly against it.
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E
Electrostatic Dissipative (ESD)
A conductive coating or topping used to reduce the static charge present on bodies with a given area in addition to the charge generated by bodies moving through that area. Resistance to charge generation should be greater than 1,000,000 ohms, but less than 10,000,000,000 ohms.
Epoxy
A synthetic liquid resin that can be joined with a select liquid curing agent to form a harder more chemical resistant solid.
Ester
Product formed by chemically reaction of an alcohol and organic acid.
Exothermic Reaction
A chemical reaction that generates heat as it progresses.
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F
Fading
The loss of a color toward white generally caused by exposure to chemicals or ultraviolet degradation.
Feather Edge
Reduced thickness at the edge of a topping in order to produce a smooth, continuous appearance. This is not is recommended as this produces a very weak edge that may later fail. See Also 'Key Chase'
Filler
A compound used to extend or bulk a coating to provide extra body or hiding power.
Film
A layer of coating or paint.
Film Thickness Gauge
A device for measuring wet or dry film thickness.
Flammable
Any substance easily ignited in the presence of a flame; any liquid having a flash point below 100 F (37.8 C).
Flexibility
The ability of a coating, sealant, or membrane to withstand movement without cracking or tearing.
Flashing
Term referring to the rapid progression of the exothermic reaction occurring in a two component system. This phenomenon is typically volume dependant, - meaning six gallons of material will flash faster than three gallons of the same compound. Simply put a product with a 30 minute pot life may appear normal at 30 minutes threshold and unusable a minute later.
Force Drying
Increasing ambient temperature to accelerated drying of a sample or coating which may also affect chemical properties of product.
Fungicide
A product used to eliminate or reduce fungi and mold growth.
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G
Gel Time
Pot life or time until coating reaches a thick consistency making it unusable.
Gloss
Ability of a product to reflect light. Gloss may be affected by physical abuse such as scratching or environmental conditions such as exposure to Ultraviolet Light.
Gloss Retention
Products ability to retain the original shine over time.
Grinding
A method of surface preparation, typically involving the use metal grinding wheels or natural stones to remove surface imperfections or profile a substrate prior to application of a topping.
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H
Hardener
See Curing Agent.
Hardness
Ability of a material to withstand force without chipping or scratching.
High Build
A coating which can be applied at a thickness greater than 10 MILS in a single coat.
High Pressure Cleaning
Process that utilizes a high pressure water jet at pressure levels between 5,000 and 45,000 psi to clean metal or concrete. This process may include detergent, media, or heat to remove dirt, coatings, or loose materials.
Holiday
A general term denoting any void, missed area, or thin spot in a cured coating.
Hydrocarbon
Compound made up of groups or chains of hydrogen and carbon atoms.
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I
ICRI - International Concrete Repair Institute
Organization dedicated to the improvement of concrete repair and protection products and techniques
Immersion
Any environment that provides continuous exposure to a particular liquid; generally used in reference to primary containment structures such as pipes, tanks, or vessels.
Impact Resistance
The ability of a product to resist chipping or cracking due to intense striking.
Induction Time
The period of time after mixing of a multi component product before it can be applied to the floor or wall surface.
Inert Pigment
A non-reactive pigment.
Inhibitive Pigment
A pigment which assists increases the corrosion resistance of the product to which it is added.
Inorganic
A compound that does not contain a carbon atom.
Intercoat Adhesion
Degree or ability of a secondary coat to adhere to the prior coat in a multi coat system.
Intercoat Contamination
The presence of foreign matter such as dust, grease, or oil, between successive layers of coating system.
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K
Ketone
An organic compound with a carbonyl group attached to two carbon atoms, which is generally present in most strong and fast evaporating solvents.
Key Chase
Installation technique for anchoring a floor topping at areas that do not meet a vertical surface. First a 1/4" deep saw cut is made into the concrete. This saw cut is then widened to 3/4" to allow for the floor topping to meet the adjacent areas flush while still maintaining a very strong thick edge. See diagram #
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L
Laitance
The weak upper surface of concrete, this layer must be removed via chemical or mechanical means prior to the application of a concrete topping.
Latex
A stable dispersion of a polymer substance in an aqueous medium. A common term for water reducible coatings.
Lead-Free
Contains less than 0.5% lead (by weight) for industrial products and less than 0.6% lead in consumer products.
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M
Mastic
Term loosely applied to any heavy coating or thick adhesive used to bind tiles, carpet, or sheet vinyl.
Malleable
Term given to metal filled mortar systems denoting the products tendency to 'bend' or depress rather than chip when exposed to forceful impact.
Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK)
A strong solvent, generally capable of thinning most epoxies, urethanes and other coatings.
MIL
Not to be confused with a millimeter this term refers to a unit of measure that is one one-thousandth of an inch or 0.0001 inches. Commonly used to denote coating or mortar thickness (250 MILS = 1/4", 125 MILS = 1/8", etc.)
Moisture Vapor Transmission
The process by which moisture moves through a slab of concrete. This is impacted by temperature, humidity and vapor pressure.
Monomer
A substance capable of reacting to form larger molecules called polymers.
Muriatic Acid
A dilute form of hydrochloric acid commonly used to etch concrete.
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N
NACE
National Association of Corrosion Engineers.
Neutral
A liquid possessing a pH of 7 (such as water), being neither acidic nor alkali.
Nonflammable
A product that will not burn in the presence of a flame.
Nonvolatile
The portion (solids) of a coating compound that remains after the solvent (volatiles) evaporate.
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O
Orange Peel
A term referring to the stippled appearance of a cured coating (due to loose resemblance to the peel of an orange).
Organic
Any chemical compound synthesized or naturally occurring containing carbon.
Osmotic Pressure
Degree to which a liquid seeks migration though a topping in order balance the internal and external concentrations of said liquid. For our purposes this term generally refers to the force exerted by water or moisture pushing up from below a substrate. Over time this moisture may compromise concrete strength and cause coating delaminate.
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P
Paint Chips
Vinyl flakes dispersed into an epoxy or polyurethane base coat to create a 'marbled' pattern similar to that of terrazzo in a thin film coating.
Peeling
Lifting of a paint from the surface to which it is applied, generally due to inadequate preparation or presence of surface contaminants.
Permeability
The level to which a specific liquid or gas can pass through a membrane or coating.
pH
A measure of acidity or alkalinity: pH 1 - 6.9 is acidic, 7 is neutral, and pH 7.1 - 14 is alkali.
Pigment
A finely ground natural or synthetic particle used to impart color to a coating or mortar.
Pinholing
Term used to describe a coating defect characterized by small, pore-like holes in the cured coating.
Plasticizer
An agent added to the resin to aid in flexibility.
Polyester Resin
A resin family that exhibits excellent resistance to Nitric acid among other chemicals.
Polymerization
A chemical reaction in which two or more small molecules (monomers) combine to form a large molecule (polymer).
Polyurethane
An exceptionally tough coating that is also very flexible and chemical resistant. Some times referred to as a urethane, such compounds are made by through the combination of a polyol with an isocyanate group.
Polyvinyl Chloride
A plastic solid used for a variety of products, commonly referred to as PVC.
Porosity
A relative term that refers to the presence of numerous small voids or 'pores' in a cured material.
Pot Life
The length of time a coating is useful after mixed with the proper curing agent. This time frame is a general guide based upon mixing at a predetermined temperature (usually 70 F) and can be altered by environmental conditions such as heat or humidity.
Potable Water
Water fit for human consumption, as in drinking water.
Practical Coverage
The spreading rate of a coating calculated at the recommended dry film thickness and assuming 15% material loss.
Primer
The first coat of material applied to a substrate, designed to reduce the loss of liquids from later coats and create a bond interface.
Profile
Also referred to as 'surface profile', this term describes the roughness or openness of a surface produced by shot blasting, acid etching or other preparation method.
Pull Test
Test method that measures the degree of adhesion between a topping or coating to a surface below. This test is performed by finding a lead to the topping or coating and slowly applying pull pressure until the test area comes loose. The point of release is documented in psi.
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R
Relative Humidity
The percentage of water vapor present in the atmosphere.
Recoat Interval
Time which must be allowed for sufficient cure and solvent release of a base coat prior to application of a subsequent coat.
Resin
A group of organic materials, either naturally occurring or man made. For our purposes this term generally applies to the specific type or blend of the following resins types: epoxies, urethanes, polyesters, and vinyl esters.
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S
Sag / Run
Downward movement of a coating on a vertical surface typically due to improper application or excessive thinning.
Satin Finish
A term used to denote an epoxy, urethane, or paint coating with a 60-gloss reading between 10 and 40.
Sealer
A product used to decrease concrete dusting in light traffic areas. Also a term that is often used to denote the final coat in a multi coat system. See also 'Densifier'
Shelf Life
The maximum length of time a product may be stored prior to use. Shelf life time assumes proper storage conditions and temperatures.
Shot Blasting
Abrasive blasting with round iron shot used to profile concrete or metal surfaces prior to application of a coating or mortar system.
Silica Quartz
Clean sand made up of select silica particles, generally used for as a filler for trowel mortars and broadcast systems.
Solids by Volume
The amount of a liquids total volume that is comprised of nonvolatile compounds. A product that is 60% solids, has 40% solvent present in its total volume. As such, at 10 MILS, WFT this product would dry to approximately 6 MILS DFT. A product that is 100% solids will cure at the thickness applied (10 MILS, WFT = 10 MILS, DFT).
Solvent
A liquid used to dissolve another substance. Some examples include: MEK, Xylene, and Acetone.
Specification
Construction data detailing material name, chemical composition, mixing, application, and installation criteria for a single product.
Static Dissipative (ESD)
A conductive coating or topping used to reduce the static charge present on bodies with a given area in addition to the charge generated by bodies moving through that area. Resistance to charge generation should be greater than 1,000,000 ohms, but less than 10,000,000,000 ohms.
Substrate
The surface (typically concrete) to receive a coating or resurfacer.
Surfacer
Pigmented composition for filling depressions in order to obtain a smooth, uniform surface before applying the finish coat.
Synthetic
A manufactured material that is not found in nature.
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T
Taber Abraser
An instrument designed to measure the abrasion resistance of a specified item.
Thinners
A liquid that is added to a coating to adjust the products viscosity.
Thixotropic
An adjective which typically describes full bodied material (generally a coating) that has a non reactive thickening agent within its one of its components.
Toluene
A strong aromatic solvent, classified as a possible cancer causing agent.
Two-Component
A material that is supplied in two parts and must be mixed in the correct proportions in order to cure properly.
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U
Undercoat
The intermediate or base coat of a broadcast system, applied to the surface after primer layer and before the application of a finish coat.
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V
Vapor Barrier
Any material that impedes the transmission of moisture. Typically used to refer to a plastic layer placed between soil and concrete to reduce or prevent water vapor transmission.
Vapor Transmission Rate
See "Moisture Vapor Test"
Viscosity
A measure of liquid's fluidity.
Voids
Pinholes, holidays, or gaps in a cured coating.
Volatile Content
The percentage of material that evaporates from a coating upon cure.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)
The amount of organic compounds evaporating from a coating film (typically solvents), excluding water.
Volume Solids
Percentage of a liquids total volume that is nonvolatile material. See also 'Solids'
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W
Walnut Shell
Black walnut shells crushed to provide a hard non-mineral aggregate. Used in conductive troweled systems because of its non-sparking ability.
Water Blasting
Preparation method for profiling metal or concrete using high velocity water with or without abrasive media.
Water Cleaning
Cleaning of substrate by spraying water less than 5,000-psi to remove dirt or oil. This process may include use of detergent or heat to aid cleaning.
Water Spotting
A surface defect usually noted in coatings that is caused by water droplets introducing contaminants that cause dimpling or circular surface blemishes.
Wet Film Thickness (WFT)
The term 'Wet Film Thickness' or WFT refers to the MIL thickness of a coating prior to cure.
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X
Xylene (Xylol)
A flammable aromatic hydrocarbon exhibiting weak to moderate solvent strength. Xylene should not be used as a tacking agent due to slight surface residue left after evaporation.
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Z
Zinc Dust
A finely graded zinc metal used as a pigmenting agent in certain protective coatings.
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If you would like clarification on a term listed below or information on a term that is not listed, please e-mail us and a customer service representative or technical services department will respond to your request.
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